The cradle-to-grave life cycle study shows that the environmental impacts of the lead-acid battery measured in per "kWh energy delivered" are: 2 kg CO2eq (climate change), 33 MJ (fossil fuel ...
Pb soil pollution poses a serious health risk to both the environment and humans. Immobilization is the most common strategy for remediation of heavy metal polluted soil. In this study, municipal sewage sludge was used as an amendment for rehabilitation of Pb-contaminated soils, for agricultural use, near a lead-acid battery …
The cradle-to-grave life cycle study shows that the environmental impacts of the lead-acid battery measured in per "kWh energy delivered" are: 2 kg CO 2eq (climate change), 33 MJ (fossil fuel use), 0.02 mol H + eq (acidification potential), 10 −7 disease incidence (PM 2.5 emission), and 8 × 10 −4 kg Sb eq (minerals and metals use). The ...
A comparative analysis model of lead-acid batteries and reused lithium-ion batteries in energy storage systems was created. • The secondary use of retired batteries can effectively avoid the environmental impacts caused by battery production process. • Reusing lithium-ion batteries before recycling can maximize environmental …
Onianwa and Fakayode detected Pb content in soil and plants near a lead-acid battery factory in Nigeria and found similar results (Onianwa and Fakayode, 2000). …
Abstract. In recent years, environmental pollution and public health incidents caused by the recycling of spent lead-acid batteries (LABs) has becoming …
Different types of rechargeable battery chemistries are lead-acid, sodium-sulfur, nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, and lithium-ion. Among these lithium-ion is the most promising battery technology that is being used on the commercial scale in electric vehicles due to high-energy density and low self-discharge rate.
In a different study on Lead-Acid Batteries used for automobiles, Premrudee et al. [18] analyzed conventional lead-acid batteries and calcium-maintenance free batteries. Among all the accessed ...
In various battery technologies, lead-acid (LA) batteries are the most popular form of battery. Lead-acid (LA) is a very wellestablished rechargeable battery that still competes with modern ...
The environmental assessment of various electric vehicle battery technologies (lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, sodium nickel-chloride, and lithium-ion) was performed in the ...
874 Jing Zhang et al. / Procedia Environmental Sciences 31 ( 2016 ) 873 – 879 Lead-acid batteries have been used for more than 130 years in many different applications that include automotive ...
The intervention of renewable energy for curbing the supply demand mismatch in power grids has projected the added advantage of having lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Non-depleting sources are characterised by variability and unpredictability. This necessitates the adequate design and sizing of Energy Storage …
5 · 1 Introduction. With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the production of lead–acid batteries (LABs) as the automotive ignition power source and …
Considering the huge amount of batteries needed for EBs and their typical environmental problems such as the consumption of resources and heavy metal pollution [26, 27], it is essential to analyze and interpret the environmental impacts of the batteries used in EBs throughout their life cycle to guide the choice of technology and policy.Life …
He is an expert in environmental and analytical chemistry with a particular interest in environmental fate assessment and removal of anthropogenic pollutants. ... operation and utilization of lithium-ion batteries. ... estimates have shown that there could be between 10 000 and 30 000 informal lead-acid battery recyclers in 90 low- and …
This paper presents a comparative life cycle assessment of cumulative energy demand (CED) and global warming potential (GWP) of four stationary battery technologies: lithium-ion, lead-acid, sodium ...
Purpose Lead is one of the most commonly used metals in the past millennium because of its various properties. Moreover, lead is easy to extract and handle. However, the lead industry often encounters strong public opposition because of lead poisoning. This study analyzes the economic and environmental impacts of lead in …
Lead-acid batteries (LABs) are widely used in electric bicycles, motor vehicles, communication stations, and energy storage systems because they utilize readily available raw materials while providing stable voltage, safety and reliability, and high resource utilization ina produces a large number of waste lead-acid batteries (WLABs).
In recent years, environmental pollution and public health incidents caused by the recycling of spent lead-acid batteries (LABs) has becoming more frequent, posing potential risk to both the ecological environment and human health. Accurately assessing the environmental risk associated with the recy …
The environment risk assessment was presented in this paper particularly, the framework of environmental risk assessment on lead-acid batteries was established and methods for analyzing and ...
Environmental benefits of echelon utilization of LFP batteries are limited. ... Temporal and spatial characteristics of lead emissions from the lead-acid battery manufacturing industry in China. Environ Pollut (2017) ... Life cycle assessment of lead-acid batteries used in electric bicycles in China. J Clean Prod (2015)
The environment risk assessment was presented in this paper particularly, the framework of environmental risk assessment on lead-acid batteries was established and methods for analyzing and ...
In India, for example, the recycling of more than 60% of used LABs is conducted by illegal enterprises (Varshney et al., 2020). China is the largest exporter and consumer of LABs Sun et al., 2017 ...
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116417 Corpus ID: 259188683; Environmental risk assessment near a typical spent lead-acid battery recycling factory in China. @article{Gao2023EnvironmentalRA, title={Environmental risk assessment near a typical spent lead-acid battery recycling factory in China.}, author={Xiaofeng Gao and Yiran …
By introducing the life cycle assessment method and entropy weight method to quantify environmental load, a multilevel index evaluation system was …
Environmental assessment 26 6.3.1. Soil and dust 26 6.3.2. Air 26 6.3.3. Food and water 27 RECYCLING USED LEAD-ACID BATTERIES: HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS / III. 7. Control measures 29 ... A lead-acid battery is made up of the following components, enclosed within a plastic or ebonite box or casing (see Figure 1) (UNEP, 2003). There …
The main pathways of exposure to lead from recycling used lead-acid batteries arise from environmental emissions. These occur at various stages in the recycling process, as …
PDF | On Jan 1, 2013, Kanchanapiya Premrudee and others published Life cycle assessment of lead acid battery. Case study for Thailand | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate
As an important part of electric vehicles, lithium-ion battery packs will have a certain environmental impact in the use stage. To analyze the comprehensive environmental impact, 11 lithium-ion ...
Reducing the toxicity and increasing utilization of lead slag are important measures to solve the negative impact of lead slag on the environment. ... lead ore smelting and waste lead-acid battery recovery (Ettler and Johan, 2014). ... Environmental risk assessment on slag and iron-rich matte produced from reducing-matting smelting of …
1 Introduction. The electric vehicle (EV) revolution represents a pivotal moment in our ongoing pursuit of a sustainable future. As the increasing global transition towards eco-friendly transportation intensifies in response to environmental pollution and energy scarcity concerns, the significance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is brought to the …
In this work, based on footprint family, resource depletion and toxic damage indicators, 11 types of EV bat-tery packs and five regions were selected to evaluate the environmental …
The leakage of sulfuric acid was the main environmental risk of lead-acid batteries in the process of production, processing, transportation, use or storage. …
impact of the battery pack. e results showed that the Li–S battery is the cleanest battery in the use stage. In addition, the electrical structure of the operating area is an important factor ...
The growth of e-waste streams brought by accelerated consumption trends and shortened device lifespans is poised to become a global-scale environmental issue at a short-term [1], i.e., the electromotive vehicle industry with its projected 6 million sales for 2020 [[2], [66]].Efforts for the regulation and proper management of electronic residues …
1. Introduction. Lead is an important non-ferrous metal with broad applications in batteries, machinery manufacturing, and medicine. Both primary lead ores (mainly galena-rich (PbS)) and secondary resources (mainly waste lead-acid batteries) are used as raw materials for lead production (Chen et al., 2009) developed countries, …
The results indicated that the amount of primary lead used in LABs accounted for 77% of the total lead production in 2014 in China. The amount of discharged lead into the …
In this paper, lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM) batteries, which are commonly used in electric vehicles, and …
China is the largest lead-acid battery (LAB) consumer and recycler, but suffering from lead contamination due to the spent-lead recycling problems. This paper describes a comparative study of five typical LAB recycling processes in China by compiling data about the input materials, energy consumptions, pollution emissions, and final …
1. Introduction. Lead-acid batteries (LABs), one of the earliest secondary batteries in industrial production, are widely used in the automotive industry, satisfying the increasing energy demands of conventional vehicle start-stop systems and mild hybrid power systems (EUROBAT and ACEA, 2014) recent years, China''s LABs industry has …
The pollution control problem of discarded lead-acid batteries has become increasingly prominent in China. An extended producer responsibility system must be implemented to solve the problem of recycling and utilization of waste lead batteries. Suppose the producer assumes responsibility for the entire life cycle of lead batteries. In …
Background. This paper describes the impact of improper used lead-acid battery (ULAB) handling and disposal. A specific case study is presented describing the field assessment and remediation of lead contamination in a community in Senegal where at least 18 children died from lead poisoning. Objectives. The assessment and …
Anthropogenic activities predominantly affect environmental Pb pollution, especially during waste lead-acid battery (LAB) recycling operations. In this study, the presence of Pb and nine other potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the soil at an abandoned LAB recycling site was investigated. The focus was on spatial and vertical distributions …
Lead is a potent neurotoxin that is particularly detrimental to children''s cognitive development. Batteries account for at least 80% of global lead use and unsafe battery recycling is a major ...
